Hamza ibn abdul muttalib biography

Hamza ibn Abd al-Muttalib

For one decay his titles (also an Islamic name), see Asadullah.

Uncle of Muhammad (c. 568–625)

Ḥamzah ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāshim ibn ʿAbd Manāf al-Qurashī[1] (Arabic: حَمْزَة إبْن عَبْد ٱلْمُطَّلِب; c. 568–625)[2][3] was a befriend brother, paternal uncle, maternal second-cousin, and companion of the Islamic prophetMuhammad.

He was martyred confine the Battle of Uhud internment 23 March 625 (7 Shawwal 3 hijri). His kunyas were "Abū ʿUmāra"[3]: 2  (أبو عمارة) perch "Abū Yaʿlā"[3]: 3  (أبو يعلى). Prohibited had the by-names Asad Allāh[3]: 2  (أَسَد ٱللَّٰه, "Lion of God") and "Asad of Sovereignty Messenger" (وأسد رسوله), and Muhammad gave him the posthumous inscription Sayyid al-Shuhadāʾ (سيد الشهداء, "Master of Martyrs").[4]

Early life

Ibn Sa'd basing his claim on al-Waqidi states that Hamza was reportedly cardinal years older than Muhammad.[3] Flair could also be two geezerhood older as said in further hadith.[5]

This is disputed by Ibn Sayyid, who said: "Zubayr narrated that Hamza was four days older than the Prophet.[6] Ibn Hajar wrote of Ibn Sayyid's hadiths: "Hamza was born figure to four years before Muhammad".[7] It is also claimed delay Hamzah was born after 'Abd Allah's death.[8]

Ancestry

Parents

Hamza's father was Abdul Muttalib from the Qurayshi nation of Mecca.[3]: 2  His mother was Halah bint Wuhayb from class Zuhra clan of Quraysh.[3]: 2  Tabari cites two different traditions.

Put it to somebody one, Al-Waqidi states that diadem parents met when Abd al-Muttalib went with his son Abdullah to the house of Wahb ibn Abd Manaf to appraise the hand of Wahb's maid Amina. While they were nearby, Abd al-Muttalib noticed Wahb's niece, Hala bint Wuhayb, and why not? asked for her hand rightfully well. Wahb agreed, and Muhammad's father Abdullah and his grandpa Abd al-Muttalib were both hitched on the same day, greet a double-marriage ceremony.[9]

Marriages and children

Hamza married three times and difficult to understand six children.[3]: 3 

  1. Salmah bint Umays ibn Ma'd, the half-sister of Maymunah bint al-Harith.

    1. Umama bint Hamza, wife of Salama ibn Abi Salama.
  2. Zaynab bint Al-Milla ibn Malik of the Aws tribe addition Medina.
    1. Amir ibn Hamza.
    2. Bakr ibn Hamza, who died in childhood.
  3. Khawla bint Qays ibn Amir constantly the An-Najjar clan. He esoteric issue, but their descendants esoteric died out by the revolt of Ibn Sa'd.

    1. Umar ibn Hamza.
    2. Atika bint Hamza.[10]
    3. Barra bint Hamza.

Conversion to Islam

Hamza took little condone of Islam for the primary few years. He converted insert late 616 CE.[3]: 3  Upon recurring to Mecca after a hunt trip in the desert, take action heard that Amr ibn Hishām (referred in Islamic scriptures orangutan "Abu Jahl" Father of Ignorance) had insulted Muhammad[3]: 3  "speaking despitefully of his religion and irritating to bring him into disrepute".

Muhammad had not replied be acquainted with him.[11]: 131  "Filled with rage," Hamza "went out at a trot ... meaning to punish ibn Hishām when he met him". He entered the Kaaba, whither ibn Hishām was sitting plea bargain the elders, stood over him and "struck him a rough and ready blow" with his bow.

Fair enough said, "Will you insult him, when I am of rulership religion and say what unquestionable says? Hit me back theorize you can!"[11]: 132  He "struck Abu Jahl's head with a impromptu that cut open his head".[3]: 3  Some of ibn Hishām's approached to help him, however he told them, "Leave Abu Umara [Hamza] alone, for, saturate God, I insulted his nephew deeply".[11]: 132 

After that incident, Hamza entered the House of Al-Arqam topmost accepted Islam.[3]: 3  "Hamza’s Islam was complete, and he followed nobleness Prophet's commands.

When he became a Muslim, the Quraysh accepted that the Prophet had change strong, and had found skilful protector in Hamza, and deadpan they abandoned some of their ways of harassing him".[11]: 132  As an alternative, they tried to strike bargains with him; but he sincere not accept their offers.[11]: 132–133 

Hamza wholly asked Muhammad to show him the angelJibreel in his veracious form.

Muhammad told Hamza give it some thought he would not be pointless to see him. Hamza retorted that he would see leadership angel, so Muhammad told him to sit where he was. They claimed that Jibreel descended before them and that Hamza saw that Jibreel's feet were like emeralds, before falling solidify unconscious.[3]: 6 

Hamza joined the emigration assail Medina in 622 and lodged with Kulthum ibn al-Hidm[11]: 218  contract Saad ibn Khaythama.

Muhammad flat him the brother in Religion of Zayd ibn Haritha.[3]: 3 [11]: 324 

Military expeditions

First expedition

Main article: Expedition of Hamza ibn 'Abdul-Muttalib

Muhammad sent Hamza happen next his first raid against Quraysh.

Hamza led an expedition slap thirty riders to the veer let slide forget in Juhayna territory to head off a merchant-caravan returning from Syria.

The

Hamza met Abu Hishām at the head not later than the caravan with three compute riders at the seashore. Majdi ibn Amr al-Juhani intervened 'tween them, "for he was favor peace with both parties," forward the two parties separated broke any fighting.[3]: 4 [11]: 283 

There is dispute in the same way to whether Hamza or sovereignty nephew Ubayda ibn al-Harith was the first Muslim to whom Muhammad gave a flag.[11]: 283 

Battle dig up Badr

Hamza fought at the Combat of Badr, where he divided a camel with Zayd ibn Haritha[11]: 293  and where his peculiar ostrich feather made him extraordinarily visible.[3]: 4 [11]: 303  The Muslims blocked rendering wells at Badr.[11]: 297 

Al-Aaswad ibn Abdalasad al-Makhzumi, who was a argumentative ill-natured man, stepped forth abide said, "I swear to Creator that I will drink vary their cistern or destroy imitate or die before reaching it".

Hamza came forth against him, and when the two tumble, Hamza smote him and development his foot and half jurisdiction shank flying as he was near the cistern. He skin on his back and ad there, blood streaming from crown foot towards his comrades. Ergo he crawled to the reservoir and threw himself into next to with the purpose of edifying his oath, but Hamza followed him and smote him arm killed him in the cistern".[11]: 299 

He then killed Utba ibn Rabi'a in single combat and helped Ali to kill Utba's kin Shayba.[11]: 299  It is disputed willy-nilly it was Hamza or Kalif who killed Tuwayma ibn Adiy.[11]: 337 

Later Hamza carried Muhammad's banner entertain the expedition against the Banu Qaynuqa.[3]: 4 

Death

Hamza was killed in high-mindedness Battle of Uhud on Sat 23 March 625 (7 Shawwal 3 hijri) when he was 57–59 years old.

He was standing in front of Muhammad, fighting with two swords. Significance Abyssinian slave Wahshi ibn Harb was promised manumission by Nominated bint Utba if he attach Hamza. This was in spitefulness for the death of supreme father, Utba ibn Rabi'a, whom Hamza had killed at probity Battle of Badr. Hamza, charge back and forth, stumbled cranium fell on his back; cranium Wahshi said, "who could keep on a javelin as the Abyssinians do and seldom missed magnanimity mark," threw it into Hamza's abdomen, killing him.[11][12]

Family tree

  • * indicates that the marriage order commission disputed
  • Note that direct lineage disintegration marked in bold.

See also

References

  1. ^Tabqat Ibn Sa’d: 3/1/3-11, Nasab Quraysh: 17, 152, 200, Tarikh Khalifa: 68, Al-Jarh wa al-Ta’dil: 3/212, Al-Isti’ab: 3/70-82, Asad al-Ghabah: 2/51-55, Tahdhib al-Asma' wal-Lughat: 1/168-169, Al-Ibar: 1/5, Majma’ al-Zawa’id: 9/266-268, Al-Aqd al-Thamin: 4/227, Al-Isabah: 2/285-287, Shadharat al-Dhahab: 1/10.
  2. ^"Companions of The Prophet", Vol.1, By: Abdul Wahid Hamid
  3. ^ abcdefghijklmnopqMuhammad ibn Saad.

    Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). The Companions clamour Badr. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.

  4. ^"The 30 Fourth Narration: The best elaborate the martyrs is Hamzah ibn 'Abdul Muttalib and then uncut man who stands up confine a tyrant whilst commanding him to do good and humorless him from evil due proficient which he is killed".

    . Retrieved 9 January 2025.

  5. ^"Hazrat Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib (ra)". Retrieved 25 May 2023.
  6. ^Aḥmad b. ʿAlī ungraceful. Ḥajr al-ʿAsqalānī, al-Iṣāba fī Tamyīz al-Ṣaḥāba. 8 vols. (Beirut: Dār al-Kutub al-ʿIlmiyya, 1995), 2:105
  7. ^Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani, Finding the Truth emphasis Judging the Companions.
  8. ^Ibn sa'd/Haq p- 98.
  9. ^However, this in McDonald, Pot-pourri.

    V. (1988). Volume VI: Muhammad at Mecca, pp. 5-8. Unique York: State University of Fresh York Press.

  10. ^Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 8. Translated by Bewley, A. (1995). The Women of Madina, p. 288. London: Ta-Ha Publishers.
  11. ^ abcdefghijklmnopMuhammad ibn Ishaq.

    Sirat Rasul Allah. Translated by Guillaume, A. (1955). The Life of Muhammad. Oxford: Metropolis University Press.

  12. ^Muhammad ibn Saad. Kitab al-Tabaqat al-Kabir vol. 3. Translated by Bewley, A. (2013). Nobility Companions of Badr. London: Ta-Ha Publishers. page- 2-11